The research aims to reduce inconsistencies in industrial hemp fiber quality by developing data-based guidance developed from a deeper understanding of the effects of the environment on different aspects of hemp harvest and processing. Fiber length, diameter and strength change as the hemp plant grows. However, while current guidance for harvest timing is based on the genetics of hemp plants from Europe, U.S. producers primarily grow varieties originating from China, which has a longer growing season. In addition, once harvested, the process for separating hemp fibers from the stem relies on a microbial process called retting that is less efficient in cooler, arid climates. Improper retting requires longer processing times, which increases cost and decreases fiber quality.
Researchers led by Dr. David Suchoff, alternative crops extension specialist and assistant professor in crop and soil sciences at NC State, intend to create a set of harvest-timing guidelines and retting tools and technologies for U.S. growers seeking to produce quality hemp fiber. The team will harvest hemp at different times in the divergent climates of North Carolina and Montana and compare fiber characteristics to determine the impacts of environment, genetics and harvest timing on fiber quality. Researchers will also study hemp-associated bacteria and fungi used in retting to create field-tested probiotics that can improve the process under cool, arid conditions.
For more information about this research, visit the Improving Hemp Quality Through Harvest Timing & Enhanced Processing grant page on FFAR’s website.